UAllan Griff, ucebisa injineli yeekhemikhali, umbhali wemihlathi yePlastikiToday, kunye nomntu ozibiza ngokuba yinyani, wadibana nenqaku kwi-MIT News enobuxoki besayensi. Ukwabelana ngeengcinga zakhe.
I-MIT News indithumelele ingxelo malunga nophando olubandakanya i-zeolites, iiminerali ezinobuncwane ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza i-propane kwi-scrap (ehlaziyiweyo) i-polyolefins ene-cobalt catalyst. Ndothuswa yindlela engalunganga ngokwesayensi kwaye ilahlekisa ngayo eli nqaku, ngakumbi ngokuqwalasela imvelaphi yayo eMIT.
I-zeolite ene-Porous iyaziwa kakuhle. Ukuba abaphandi banokusebenzisa ubungakanani babo bepore ukuvelisa iimolekyuli zekhabhoni ezi-3 (ipropane), yinto ebaluleke kakhulu yeendaba. Kodwa kubuza umbuzo wokuba ingakanani i-carbon e-1 (i-methane) kunye ne-2-carbon (i-ethane) edlulayo kwaye wenza ntoni ngazo.
Eli nqaku likwathetha ukuba i-polyolefins enokuphinda isetyenziswe zizingcolisi ezingenamsebenzi, ezingalunganga ngenxa yokuba azikho inetyhefu kwifomu yazo eqhelekileyo eqinileyo - iibhondi zeCC ezinamandla kakhulu, amatyathanga amade, i-reactivity ephantsi. Ndingakhathazeka ngakumbi malunga netyhefu yecobalt kuneeplastiki.
Ubuthi beeplastiki eziqinileyo ngumfanekiso odumileyo osekelwe kwisidingo somntu sokuchasa isayensi ukuze sikholwe kwizinto ezingenakwenzeka, ezibuyela ekuthuthuzelekeni kobuntwaneni xa kungekho nto inokuchazwa.
Eli nqaku lixuba i-PET kunye ne-PE kwaye libandakanya umzobo (ongasentla) webhotile yesoda, eyenziwe kwi-PET, ikhemikhali ehluke kakhulu kwi-pololefins kwaye sele ihlaziywe ngexabiso. Ayinamsebenzi, njengoko ibhenela abantu ababona iibhotile ezininzi zeplastiki kwaye bacinge ukuba zonke iiplastiki ziyingozi.
Umzobo uphinda ulahlekise njengoko ubonisa ukutya kweplastiki ene-ringed (aromatic) kunye nokwenziwa kwepropylene, kungekhona ipropane. Ipropylene inokubaluleka ngaphezu kwepropane kwaye ayifuni iihydrogens ezongeziweyo. Umzobo ukwabonisa ukuveliswa kwemethane, engafunwayo, ngakumbi emoyeni.
Eli nqaku lichaza ukuba uqoqosho lokwenza ipropane kwaye luthengise luyathembisa, kodwa ababhali banika utyalo-mali okanye ukusebenza okanye ukuthengisa / idatha yexabiso. Kwaye akukho nto kwiimfuno zamandla kwii-kilowatt-yure, ezinokwenza inkqubo ibe nomtsalane kubantu abaninzi abacinga ngokusingqongileyo. Kufuneka uqhawule uninzi lwezo bhondi zeCC zomeleleyo ukuze ukwaphule ikhonkco lepolymer, isiphene esisisiseko ekuqhubekeni phambili/kurisayikilisha iikhemikhali ngaphandle kwepyrolysis ethile.
Ekugqibeleni, okanye ngokwenene kuqala, inqaku libiza umfanekiso odumileyo weeplastiki kubantu (kunye neentlanzi), ukungayinaki into engenakwenzeka yokugaya okanye ukujikeleza. La masuntswana makhulu kakhulu ukuba angangena kudonga lwamathumbu aze ajikeleze kuthungelwano lwee-capillaries. Kwaye kubaluleke kangakanani, njengoko ndihlala nditsho. Iminatha elahliweyo isenokuba yingozi kwizidalwa zasemanzini, kodwa kunjalo nokubambisa iintlanzi nokuzitya.
Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi basafuna ukukholelwa ukuba i-micro-plastiki ingaphakathi kwethu ukuxhasa imfuno yabo yokuchasa isayensi, ebangela ukuba bathuthuzele imimangaliso. Bakhawuleza ukulebhelisha iplastiki eyityhefu kuba:
● engaqhelekanga (kodwa iinyikima kunye neentsholongwane ziyindalo);
● umchiza (kodwa yonke into yenziwe ngeekhemikhali, kuquka amanzi, umoya, kunye nathi);
● eguquguqukayo (kodwa kunjalo imozulu kunye nemizimba yethu);
● zokwenziwa (kodwa kunjalo namayeza amaninzi kunye nokutya);
●amashishini (kodwa iikopoporasi ziyila kwaye zigcina amaxabiso ephantsi xa zilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo).
Eyona nto siyoyikayo siziqu zethu—ubuntu.
Ayizozihlwele ezingenanzululwazi kuphela ezicinga ngolu hlobo. Ishishini lethu lityala imali kwiinzame zokunqanda "ungcoliseko lweplastiki" njengoko benjalo abezopolitiko ababona ngokuchanekileyo ukuqonda kwentsomi njengokwenza into efunwa ngabavoti.
Inkunkuma yingxaki eyahlukileyo kungcoliseko, kwaye ishishini lethu leplastiki linakho kwaye lifanele ukunciphisa ilahleko yalo. Kodwa masingalibali ukuba iiplastiki zinceda ekunciphiseni enye inkunkuma - ukutya, amandla, amanzi - kunye nokuthintela ukukhula kwepathogen kunye nosulelo, kodwa kungabikho nto.
Iiplastiki azinabungozi kodwa abantu bafuna ukuba zimbi? Ewe, kwaye ngoku mhlawumbi uyabona ukuba kutheni.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-09-2022